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Explain the meaning of a Nash equilibrium when firms are competing with respect to price. Why is the equilibrium stable？ Why don't the firms raise their prices to the level that maximizes joint profits？
答案
更多“解释当厂商是在价格方面竞争时纳什均衡的意义。为什么这种均衡是稳定的？为什么厂商们不将价格提”相关的问题
第2题
(1)是否存在纯策略的纳什均衡？如果存在，请指出。
(2)如果两厂商都采用极大化极小策略，结果会怎样？
(3)如果厂商1采用极大化极小策略，厂商2得知后，它会怎样做？
Two competing firms are each planning to introduce a new product. Each firm will decide whether to produce Product A, Product B, or Product C. They will make their choices at the same time. The resulting payoffs are shown below.
We are given the following payoff matrix，which describes a product introduction game:
a, Are there any Nash equilateral in pure strategies？ If so, what are they？
b. If both firms use maximin strategies, what outcome will result？
c. If Firm 1 uses a maximin strategy，and Firm 2 knows, what will Firm 2 do？
第3题
第6题
A.若原博弈存在唯一的纯策略纳什均衡策略组合，则有限次重复博弈有唯一的子博弈完美纳什均衡，即各博弈方在每阶段都重复原博弈的纳什均衡
B.有限次重复博弈的子博弈完美纳什均衡每次重复采用的都是原博弈的纳什均衡
C.有限次重复博弈的子博弈完美纳什均衡的最后一次重复必定是原博弈的一个纳什均衡
D.无限次重复博弈的子博弈完美纳什均衡每次重复采用的都是原博弈的纳什均衡
第7题
A、产量Q与价格=平均总成本”条件下确定的产量相等
B、产量Q大于边际收益=边际成本条件下确定的产量
C、产量Q大于边际收益=平均总成本条件下确定的产量
D、产量Q大于效率规模
第8题
，n为市场上厂商的数量。设美国和欧洲市场上分别有3亿和5.33亿人口。a.在没有对外贸易时，美国和欧洲汽车市场上均衡的厂商数量是多少？
b.在没有对外贸易时，美国和欧洲汽车市场上均衡的价格是多少？
c.现在假设美欧之间进行自由贸易，美国市场上除了原有的3亿人口外，将增加5.33亿人口。在美国和欧洲汽车市场上将有多少汽车厂商？汽车新的均衡价格是多少？
d.美国市场上汽车的价格在b和c中为何不同？自由贸易改善了消费者的福利吗？是怎样改善的？
Suppose that fixed costs for a firm in the automobile industry (start- up costs of factories， capital equipment， and so on) are $5 billion and that variable costs are equal to $17，000 per finished automobile. Because more firms increase competition in the market， the market price falls as more firms enter an automobile market， or specifically， where n represents the number of firms in a market. Assume that the initial size of the U.S. and the European automobile markets are 300 million and 533 million people， respectively.
a.Calculate the equilibrium number of firms in the U.S. and European automobile markets without trade.
b.What is the equilibrium price of automobiles in the United States and Europe if the automobile industry is closed to foreign trade？
c.Now suppose that the United States decides on free trade in automobiles with Europe. The trade agreement with the Europeans adds 533 million consumers to the automobile market， in addition to the 300 million in the United States. How many automobile firms will there be in the United States and in Europe combined？ What will be the new equilibrium price of automobiles？
d.Why are prices in the United States different in (c) than in (b) ？ Are consumers better off with free trade？ In what ways？
